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| 1147 |
| | Rival Berber tribesmen, the Almohads, evict the Almoravids from Marrakech and soon conquer the whole north African coast | |
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| 1147 |
| | Seville falls to the Almohads, from north Africa, who make it their Spanish capital | |
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| 1171 |
| | Saladin deposes the Fatimid caliph and brings Egypt back to orthodoxy, acknowledging the rule of the Sunni caliph in Baghdad | |
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| c. 1180 |
| | In Cairo the Jewish philosoper Moses Maimonides writes, in Arabic, a much translated text with the endearing title Guide to the Perplexed | |
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| 1219 |
| | St Francis of Assisi joins a crusading army in Egypt and attempts to convert the sultan Melek-el-Kamel and his followers to Christianity | |
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| 1250 |
| | The last sultan of Saladin's dynasty is murdered by slaves in the palace guard, and Mameluke rule is reintroduced in Egypt | |
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| 1269 |
| | The Marinids, a Berber tribe, take Marrakech and bring to an end Almohad rule in Morocco | |
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| c. 1270 |
| | The Assassins are systematically destroyed by Baybars, the Mameluke sultan of Egypt | |
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| 1324 |
| | Mansa Musa, sultan of the gold-rich African state of Mali, is so lavish in Cairo (on his way to Mecca) that the value of Egyptian gold slumps | |
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| 1325 |
| | Ibn Batutah leaves his home in Morocco to go on pilgrimage to Mecca, and continues travelling for 24 years | |
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